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85. Maximal Rectangle 👍

  • Time: $O(mn)$
  • Space: $O(n)$
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class Solution {
 public:
  int maximalRectangle(vector<vector<char>>& matrix) {
    if (matrix.empty())
      return 0;

    int ans = 0;
    vector<int> hist(matrix[0].size());

    for (const vector<char>& row : matrix) {
      for (int i = 0; i < row.size(); ++i)
        hist[i] = row[i] == '0' ? 0 : hist[i] + 1;
      ans = max(ans, largestRectangleArea(hist));
    }

    return ans;
  }

 private:
  int largestRectangleArea(const vector<int>& heights) {
    int ans = 0;
    stack<int> stack;

    for (int i = 0; i <= heights.size(); ++i) {
      while (!stack.empty() &&
             (i == heights.size() || heights[stack.top()] > heights[i])) {
        const int h = heights[stack.top()];
        stack.pop();
        const int w = stack.empty() ? i : i - stack.top() - 1;
        ans = max(ans, h * w);
      }
      stack.push(i);
    }

    return ans;
  }
};

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class Solution {
  public int maximalRectangle(char[][] matrix) {
    if (matrix.length == 0)
      return 0;

    int ans = 0;
    int[] hist = new int[matrix[0].length];

    for (char[] row : matrix) {
      for (int i = 0; i < row.length; ++i)
        hist[i] = row[i] == '0' ? 0 : hist[i] + 1;
      ans = Math.max(ans, largestRectangleArea(hist));
    }

    return ans;
  }

  private int largestRectangleArea(int[] heights) {
    int ans = 0;
    Deque<Integer> stack = new ArrayDeque<>();

    for (int i = 0; i <= heights.length; ++i) {
      while (!stack.isEmpty() && (i == heights.length || heights[stack.peek()] > heights[i])) {
        final int h = heights[stack.pop()];
        final int w = stack.isEmpty() ? i : i - stack.peek() - 1;
        ans = Math.max(ans, h * w);
      }
      stack.push(i);
    }

    return ans;
  }
}

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class Solution:
  def maximalRectangle(self, matrix: list[list[str]]) -> int:
    if not matrix:
      return 0

    ans = 0
    hist = [0] * len(matrix[0])

    def largestRectangleArea(heights: list[int]) -> int:
      ans = 0
      stack = []

      for i in range(len(heights) + 1):
        while stack and (i == len(heights) or heights[stack[-1]] > heights[i]):
          h = heights[stack.pop()]
          w = i - stack[-1] - 1 if stack else i
          ans = max(ans, h * w)
        stack.append(i)

      return ans

    for row in matrix:
      for i, num in enumerate(row):
        hist[i] = 0 if num == '0' else hist[i] + 1
      ans = max(ans, largestRectangleArea(hist))

    return ans